Neil Simon, The Most Successful Playwright In The History Of Theatre :: essays research papers fc

Neil Simon, the Most Successful Playwright in The History of Theatre "It can be argued that Neil Simon is not only America's most successful playwright, but also the most successful playwright in the history of theatre."1 Despite being criticized for lack of substance, his hugely successful comedies are consistently revived, whether on Broadway or in other community or dinner theatres. Last week the University of Notre Dame's Mainstage season opened with the departmental premiere of Barefoot in the Park. Though the play originally opened more then thirty years ago, the themes of compatibility and compromise that it presents are still relevant today. Simon masterfully manipulated the plot of Barefoot in the Park to include all of the elements of a fine play (intrigue, credibility, surprise, etc.) and to create a viable playscript that both emphasizes the play's major themes and, just as importantly, makes the audience laugh. Simon has skillfully constructed the plot of Barefoot in the Park to showcase and emphasize his themes of compatibility and need for compromise. The plot itself starts out fairly simple. In the first act, Paul and Corie Bratter, wed but six days, move into their new apartment on the top floor of a brownstone in New York City. From the very first, the audience can see that these are two very different characters that have very different values, and yet Paul and Corie are very much in love. The plot progresses as other characters are introduced. First to visit the newlyweds is Corie's mother, Mrs. Banks. The relationship between Corie and her mother also involves a clash of very distinct personalities. With the appearance of the Bratter's eccentric upstairs neighbor, Victor Velasco, Corie sees the opportunity to play matchmaker and inject a little romance into her staid mother's life. The first act concludes with Corie's plan to bring the two together at an upcoming dinner party, much to the chagrin of her husband Paul. This creates intrigue--"that quality of a play which makes us curious (sometimes fervently so) to see 'what happens next'"2-- because the audience is left wondering whether Corie's plan will work. Thus the first act provides exposition, creates a feeling of suspense, and begins to showcase the compatibility problems in the relationships of several of the characters. The second act takes place in two parts: the first before Corie's dinner party, and the second in the aftermath. Throughout the first part of the act, Simon emphasizes the enthusiasm, spontaneity, and lack of forethought with which Corie approaches her matchmaking task. Paul, on the other hand, acts like "a stuffed shirt"3 and tries to show Corie the foolishness of her plan.

The Nursing Shortage

Melisa A. Smith Dr. Kathryn Skulley Eng 122-500 22 November 2011 Crisis in America Back in the late 1930’s, American men were drafted to go off and fight in World War II while women at home had to learn a new way of life to support their families and support the soldiers. A woman named Florence Nightingale who was recognized as one of the first nurses to care for the wounded soldiers during the Crimean war helped to influence other women to learn how to become nurses and care for the sick and wounded.After the war ended in the mid 1940’s, thousands of soldiers returned home to begin the next chapter in their lives by starting a family while women returned to homemaking. In fact, due to the major population shift after the war, thousands and thousands of babies were born in which it would be named the Baby-Boomer generation. Now fast forward to the year 2010, several decades later, the baby-boomer generation is aging and approaching there sixties and beyond at a time whe n healthcare is beginning to be used more frequently by many others.Now that America is beginning a new era of healthcare with the creation of healthcare reform that soon will create access for the uninsured and underinsured to gain access to healthcare treatments. On March 23, 2010, â€Å"The Affordable Care Act† was signed into law by President Obama that would create healthcare access for millions of Americans. This is turn would create a huge strain on the American healthcare system at a time when concerns are rising due to the increased need of services for the baby-boomer generation and the current nursing population to care for them. You can read also Coronary Artery Disease Nursing Care PlanIf Americans already planned on facing a nursing shortage with the baby-boomer generation, then how would the shortage affect everyone else when healthcare reform becomes active in the year two-thousand-fourteen? This paper will discuss some individual points more in detail and evaluate the nursing shortage situation from the beginning of nursing history to present day that could affect all healthcare workers now and in the future. The nursing shortage topic in America has always been a debatable question where it will be analyzed further in detail starting with some statistical data.Looking at the national level for current nursing employment, the U. S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics stated that, â€Å"2,655,020 registered nurses were currently employed as of May two-thousand and ten† (U. S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics: Occupation section). The information presented here did not account for self-employed nurses or one’s that currently work multiple jobs. Now on a smaller scale looking at the State of Colorado’s population and registered â€Å"nurses per 1000 rate is 7. 98 as compared with a national average of 8. 6 with an additional need of 1,780 nurses to meet the national average† (The Demographic Challenges Facing Colorado's Health Care Workforce 15). The information noted here did not account for rural areas and small towns where the population is considerably lower. Next, the discussion will continue on about nursing school factors affecting the nursing shortage. Additionally when someone is attracted by the potential for a nursing career and advancement, they must look at all avenues first before deciding and making a commitment to nursing school.However, when someone has made the decision to enroll they must take several prerequisite classes and take a nursing entrance exam before being accepted into a nursing program. Furthermore, after students have taken the re quired prerequisites, they may not easily be accepted into a nursing program because of limited number of slots available and teaching constraints. In fact, it has been well observed by many schools that the major factor in the nursing shortage is due to the lack of qualified nursing instructors.In the United States, â€Å"nursing schools turned away 67,583 qualified applicants from baccalaureate and graduate programs in 2010 due to insufficient number of faculty, clinical sites, classroom space, clinical preceptors and budget constraints† (2010-2011 Enrollment and Graduations in Baccalaureate and Graduate Programs in Nursing 2). Another factor that contributes to the nursing shortage is that nursing faculty members and educators are being lured away from colleges by higher compensation, which in turn reduces the number of potential educators to meet the demands needed.Consequently, most educators are generally older with a limited number of years of teaching left before reti rement which in turn could also leave more potential nurses waiting on a list that could reduce the national shortage. Furthermore, the United States started facing some major healthcare challenges with the baby-boomer generation beginning to impact the healthcare system in two-thousand ten. Now that this generation is in their sixties many of them will be facing increased health problems due to aging thus putting a greater demand on the healthcare system for treatment and prevention.Consequently, this generation will begin turning sixty-five at a rate of approximately ten thousand baby-boomers per day for the next nineteen years starting in the year two-thousand eleven. This in turn will create a huge stressor to the already problematic nursing shortage. In addition to the baby-boomer generation, America will soon be forced to provide healthcare to millions of individuals who previously did not have insurance starting in two-thousand fourteen when the Affordable Care Act goes into full force.Furthermore, â€Å"healthcare reform will soon provide subsidies for thirty-two million citizens to more fully utilize the healthcare system† (Joint Statement from the Tri-Council for Nursing on Recent Registered Nurse Supply and Demand Projections 2). This in turn will create a huge stress on the medical profession especially the nursing sector, as the healthcare system is grappling in the shortage of nurses to care for the baby-boomers. Emergency rooms and physicians’ offices will soon be faced with a massive influx of patients to provide care for, which would cause an increased demand for more medical staff including nurses and physicians.Patients then would be going to local hospitals for elective surgeries and diagnostic testing which would cause a surge and a need for more hospital beds to accommodate the needs of patients. When the demand exceeds the amount of resources available people could be facing other challenges such as emergencies or disasters of magnitude. With the introduction of the healthcare reform and the baby-boomer generation, the healthcare system could also be facing emergency preparedness scenarios that have not been attempted before with the combination of emergency disaster plans currently available.Some may remember the hundreds killed and injured from the two-thousand eleven tornado outbreak or the terrorist attacks on the twin towers that caused mass casualties and injured numerous people on September 11, 2001. This is just to name a few disasters that America was impacted by with the need for emergent healthcare services. Additionally in the United States, â€Å"there is little flexibility for unanticipated fluctuations in patient acuity and demand on a daily basis, and an absence of standby capacity for large-scale emergencies† (McHugh 442).Consequently, if the United States doesn’t come up with a large scale disaster plan that has been attempted before, then many will be faced with total destruction and demise. Nurses have gone through the grueling process to begin and succeed in their careers from the dedication of going to school to meet entry level standards, as well as taking the national licensure examination prior to practicing. Some nurses graduate with the expectation that the wages and demands of the job will be satisfying to keep them in their current role.But some people may know very little about the profession until they are faced with the reality of the job demands versus the salary. A new graduate nurse just beginning his/her career maybe making less than the more experienced nurses, but still held to the standard of providing the same type of care to all patients. According to the U. S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics, the national median wage for registered nurses as of May two-thousand ten was â€Å"$67,720 annually† (U. S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wages).However this statistic did not report the level of ed ucation held other than the title of registered nurse. Furthermore, nurses are held to a high standard to uphold to their duties and continue to give accurate, compassionate and safe care to all patients. Nevertheless, nurses play many roles other than a care-taker or pill pusher, they are expected to know about possible medication interactions that could harm a patient since they are the last line of protection for patient. Nurses have also been trained to think critically in times of crisis and to intervene with life-saving interventions without the supervision of a physician.Many of the â€Å"hazards on the job, include blood and body fluid exposure as well as musculoskeletal injuries related to ergonomic hazard from lifting and repetitive tasks† (Stone et al. 1984). During times of busy patient demands, nurses may also run the risk of harm to themselves, especially during the administration of an injection that could cause a needle puncture that may potentially be from an infected needle, or come in contact with the splashing of body fluids on exposed skin.However, many hospitals have currently up-graded equipment to help prevent unwanted needle stick exposures through the use of needle free systems, but there is still work to be done to keep nurses and patients safe. Furthermore, nurses may also be exposed to occupational injuries while lifting a patient in bed, or when a patient falls on a staff member and injures them in the same turn as well. Obviously some hospitals have improved the safety for staff, and patients with the use of lifts or ssistive devices, but time maybe of essence. With this in mind, the physical and mental demands of the nursing profession may take a toll on a person’s body, or it may potentially provoke thoughts of a career change from the risks involved. However, since nurses are also held accountable for mistakes made even when times are proven difficult, in hind sight turn this could potentially create a stressful environment full of expectations without satisfaction.Furthermore, â€Å"nurses’ working conditions have been associated with medication errors and falls, increased deaths, and spread of infection, but nurses report making more errors when working shifts greater than twelve hours, working overtime, or working more than forty hours per week† (Stone et al. 1984). In some hospitals nurses are given an assigned number of patients to care for, but patients are coming into the hospitals’ sicker than in previous years which can create a dilemma when assigning patient care.Some hospitals’ have been designated as a Magnet hospital where the maximum ratio is one nurse to five patients which could help ease some demands to be able to provide better care to patients, but this trend is still new to some healthcare systems. On a typical working shift nurses are responsible for medication administration, physical assessments and general care of the patient, but during t imes of staffing shortage nurses may have to provide all the care for all assigned patients.Generally speaking, nurses care for four to eight patients per shift while â€Å"an additional patient within this range was associated with a seven percent increase in the odds of dying within thirty days of admission and a seven percent increase in the odds of death following complications such as shock or pneumonia† (Keenen 1). In addition patients have a greater risk of infection due to lack of adequate infection control from proper hand washing by healthcare staff when staffing shortages occur.When nurses are held accountable for a certain number of patients, and one person falls out of bed down the hall while they were getting another patient up to the bathroom can create an unsafe and unsatisfactory environment for all involved parties that in turn can cause higher morbidity in patients. With a stressful environment and combined fear of making a mistake which would result in pun itive action against them, â€Å"the U. S. healthcare system contains a safety climate which blames individuals for errors instead of the system or organizational failures that may really be at fault† (Fox and Abrahamson 235).With that said, more nurses feel pressured to not make any mistakes instead of being human. However, when hospitals’ are dealing with staffing issues and nurses are not able to give proper attention to their patients this in turn could create a dangerous situation for patients that have an increased mortality risk due to complications or co morbidities. Studies have shown that staffing insufficiencies increase the mortality risk in patients due to the inability to adequately care and educate patients on complications such as pneumonia or bloods clots which can be proven fatal.Nurses are also expected to perform many tasks that include life saving techniques in critical situations, but in order to keep these individuals with these skills employed b y a specific facility it takes a clever approach to nursing retention. However, â€Å"research shows that nurses contribute heavily to the quality of patient care, reimbursement based upon performance outcomes would likely increase the economic value of nurses, thus improving wages, work environment and recruitment and retention† (Fox and Abrahamson 235).In the past, when hospitals were dealing with nursing shortages some would offer a sign-on bonus or a contract to pay for a portion of education expenses as an incentive to attract employees for difficult to recruit positions such as night shifts. Due to cost constraints some facilities were beginning to do away with sign-on bonuses and offer other assistance after a specific time period of employment. On the contrary, most facilities do not recognize nurses with compensation based on performance other than an increase in cost of living wages, but could benefit further through increased recognition programs.Since World War II the nursing profession had always been a female dominant profession until now, with the addition and encouragement of male nurses in the profession. Most patients saw nursing as a female dominant profession due the delicate nature of caring for sick patients and the need for gentle interactions and nurturing. Furthermore, working conditions were often poorer in nursing with a predominately female occupation.During times of economic recession more nurses were choosing to work, or continue employment to help meet the financial expectations of their households especially in times when other family members are facing a layoff or furlough. Although when the economy improves the shift of nurses actively working may change and create an even bigger nursing shortage while some may change careers or retire all together. Furthermore, with the introduction of men in nursing things have begun to change and more and more men were joining the nursing profession for career stability and advanceme nt opportunities in an already female dominant profession.A man named James Derham â€Å"in 1783 who was a slave earned money to buy his freedom by working as a nurse† making him the first male nurse (Bonair and Philipsen 19). Nursing schools began offering scholarships to male nursing students as a way to attract more people to the nursing profession. With men in a female dominant profession they were making up â€Å"five to ten percent of the workforce in the UK, USA and Canada† while in the nursing profession they were more likely to be promoted into leadership roles (Brown 120).Male nurses generally started a nursing career at a younger age compared to their female counter parts. As working nurses were getting older many of them were planning for retirement at a time when a majority of people were retiring with the baby-boomer generation. More and more people began to choose a nursing career later in life, so consequently most nurses ended up retiring earlier due t o the strains of the job or age factors. Consequently, the average age of nursing students graduating was thirty-one, while the average age of the working nurse is forty-six years old.Due to the popularity of nursing for some it is becoming a second career for individuals after many years of employment in other fields such as business, or computer industries that have had many changes and layoffs that contributed to the employment shift. With this new employment shift new nurses that began a nursing career as older adults are not working in the field as long and retiring sooner. Furthermore with the short periods of nursing employment, this again creates problems with fixing the nursing shortage across the country.Now that the factors of the nursing shortage have been described in detail, the next discussion will be about ways to fix the nursing shortage problem in America from the faculty shortage to loan forgiveness programs. If America is going to get out of the nursing shortage crisis the first step is to address the shortage of educators, and nursing faculty that teach and train the future nursing students. In order to create an interest in teaching there needs to be some changes with regards to income levels, and more education assistance to give nurses the ability to increase their knowledge. Some hospitals ffer opportunities to take a leave of absence from their jobs to pursue further education options without the fear of job loss. However, this in turn would not only be an asset to the individual but the facility as well that encouraged their employees to seek more education. Another factor in the nursing shortage is the number of clinical sites needed to give adequate clinical experiences for nurses to learn in. In hospitals today nursing schools generally have clinical experiences five days a week instead of an additional two days on the weekend to meet more needs of clinical experience time.By offering the additional two days per week, nursing stud ents would meet their clinical expectations ahead of schedule therefore they could graduate earlier and begin nursing practice sooner. This in turn would help to ease the shortage of trained nurses sooner and decrease the waitlist time for entrance into nursing school. In order to attract more nurses to continue advancing their education there needs to be more monetary compensation to pay for the cost of education in order to encourage more nurses to advance into teaching.Furthermore in order for the healthcare system and colleges to meet the recruitment demands and the shortage requirements there needs to be some collaboration between facilities for education and tuition assistance. Consequently to address the aging of the nursing faculty, more people need to be encouraged to continue their education without any lapse of time after graduation. Nevertheless, since most nurses cannot afford to pay for the higher expenses of college and continue to work then only a selected few would advance their education.However, some nurses may choose not to continue their education due to conflicts with work schedules and family, unless there was some loan assistance or forgiveness program widely used. The United States currently has loan forgiveness programs that pay the entire amount of the loan after requirements are met. Furthermore, after a nurse has completed two years of service in a hospital then they can apply for the loan forgiveness program that may take up to six months before a decision is made, and only a limited number of individuals are selected.In addition, if the United States invested in more healthcare facilities and offered more loan assistance and scholarships then people would be more attracted to the nursing profession and possibly reduce the nursing shortage. In conclusion, after discussing the many challenges that the nursing profession faces, it is still considered a highly respected field by many but may not be the choice for everyone. However, u ntil the United States aggressively pursues a solution to the nursing shortage, better wages, and working conditions, then healthcare reform will define the critical needs of nurses that may end up costing more lives than money.In the end, if the nursing shortage continues, it could be catastrophic to American society at a time when healthcare has made so many advances to increase the life expectancy rate. Works Cited â€Å"2010-2011 Enrollment and Graduations in Baccalaureate and Graduate Programs in Nursing. † Fact Sheet-Nursing Shortage (2011). . Bonair, Jennifer, and Nayna Philipsen. â€Å"Men in Nursing: Addressing the Nursing Workforce Shortage and Our History. † Maryland Nurse.CINAHL Plus with Full Text. EBSCO, 10. 3 (May-July 2009): 19. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. Brown, Brian. â€Å"Men in nursing: Re-evaluating masculinities, re-evaluation gender. † Contemporary Nurse: A Journal for the Australian Nursing Profession. CINAHL Plus with Full Text. EBSCO, 33. 2 (20 09): 129. Web. 29 Oct. 2011 Fox, Rebekah L. , and Kathleen Abrahamson. â€Å"A Critical Examination of the U. S. Nursing Shortage: Contributing Factors, Public Policy Implications. † Nursing Forum. CINAHL Plus with Full Text. EBSCO, 44. 4 (Oct-Dec. 2009): 244. Web. Sept. 2011.Joint Statement from the Tri-Council for Nursing on Recent Registered Nurse Supply and Demand Projections. AACC, n. d. Web. 4 Sept. 2011. . Keenen, Patricia. â€Å"The Nursing Workforce Shortage: Causes, Consequences, Proposed Solutions. † Issue Brief. CINHL Plus with Full Text. EBSCO, (2003): 6. Web. 31 Oct. 2011. McHugh, Matthew D. â€Å"Hospital Nurse Staffing and Public Health Emergency Preparedness: Implications for Policy. † Public Health Nursing. 27. 5 (Sept/Oct 2010): 449.CINAHL Plus with Full Text. EBSCO. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. Stone, Patricia w. , et al. â€Å"Nurses' Working Conditions: Implications for Infectious Disease. † Emerging Infectious Diseases 10. 11 (2004): 1989. We b. 28 Sept. 2011. . The Demographic Challenges Facing Colorado's Health Care Workforce. Colorado Center for Nursing Excellence, n. d. Web. 4 Sept. 2011. . U. S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics. Occupation: Registered Nurses. http://data. bls. gov, May 2010. Web. 1 Nov. 2011.

Barometer Rising Book Report - 2054 Words

The Novel The main subject of Hugh MacLennan’s novel is the return of Neil Macrae from France to Halifax in order to clear his name. His uncle, Colonel Geoffrey Wain, had ordered an ill-planned advance on the Germans; Wain tried to blame the resulting debacle on Neil, ordering his arrest and court-martial for cowardice. When a shell hit the dugout in which he was being held prisoner, Neil was reported missing, believed killed. It is revealed, however, that he was picked up, badly wounded and amnesiac, and sent to the hospital. His rescuers believed him to be a private in the British North Country regiment that had relieved the Canadians. He gradually recovered his memory but retained his British identity until he returned to Canada. This†¦show more content†¦He loses interest in destroying Colonel Wain’s reputation and does not even trouble to get from the mortally injured Alex Mackenzie the affidavit that would clear his name. Angus Murray does this for him. The heroine, Penny Wain, is a woman whose life is changed by the war as much as is Neil’s. Although destructive and disruptive, the war does give Penny a chance to use her talents to become a naval architect. She achieves the distinction of having her design for a submarine chaser accepted by the British Admiralty. Angus Murray acts as the confidant to the other characters and as a link between them. The belief that Penny might marry him cures for a time his melancholia and alcoholism, which had been caused in part by the early death of his first wife as well as by the horrors of war. The return of Neil puts an end to that happiness, although being forced to operate after the explosion, for the first time since leaving France, restores his pride and self-confidence. All the characters in the novel are measured against Colonel Wain, who stands for everything in Canada’s colonial past that should be rejected. In the Wains’ family history is encapsulated the history of the nation. The founder of the Wain line in Canada was a sergeant who fought with Major General James Wolfe at Quebec. His grandson founded the family fortunes by privateering in the War of 1812. With the proceeds, he had started a trade with the WestShow MoreRelatedMultinational Corporations ( Mncs ) Role2182 Words   |  9 Pagesdoes not say the profit maximisation purpose. The Milton Friedman was insisting the same concept of free market and corporate should operate for shareholders and if they want to do any charity let they do by themselves instead of corporations. In his Book, Capitalism and Freedom , he insisted the corporations has to operate the business by using its resources and maximise the wealth till they play within the permitted law ie., make profits wi thout any deception or fraud. 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Teens Children and ADHD Meds - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 594 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/07/31 Category Medicine Essay Level High school Tags: ADHD essay Did you like this example? ADHD is a mental disorder thats hyperactive, it causes teenagers and children to behave badly. They often dont pay attention and its hard for them to control their impulses. ADHD drugs should not be used as study drugs. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Teens Children and ADHD Meds" essay for you Create order The medications are sometimes used by teens and children to boost their grade. Doctors should be aware of parents seeking medication for their child to be healthy. Sometimes the teens are faking symptoms to get pills for themselves or others. Healthy children are not mature enough to handle the consequences from the drugs side effects. The medication itself is not too much unless it is used in these three types of manners. ADHD should not be used as a study drug to get ahead in school. In the article, it states that They diagnosed their failings and administered their own medications, and believe that with the help of prescription stimulants they can block out distractions to concentrate on academic performance and become smart and studious on demand. This is not healthy and there are many risks that come with the misuse of this drug that everyone should be aware of. It may cause restlessness, aggression, and increased blood pressure and heart rate, it can also cause you to have a stroke, seizures, heart attack, paranoia, psychosis and stomach problems. Some students decide to stop taking it once their bodies start to appear informed and can create social anxiety, negative health effects, stress, dependency and eating disorders. The report points to a real point to a real problem, but it is also a problem that most children and teens who actually have ADHD are not adequately treated for it, says Mark W olraich, a pediatrician at Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center. He helped write ADHD treatment guidelines for the American Academy of Pediatrics (USA Today, 2013). ADHD often times is misused by children and teens. ADHD medicine can enhance concentration for those who are diagnosed but it can cause damage to the ones who dont have it mentally. The pediatrics academy has informed doctors to be aware of the misuse of ADHD medications. Doctors are to warn teens to not share their medications. The report informs about the misuse of Ritalin, Adderall, and other stimulations. While the phenomenon is increasingly global, the United States consumes between 80 percents and 90 percent of the Ritalin prescribed today, according to Richard Degrandpre, author of Ritalin Nation Rapid-Fire culture and the Transformation of Human Consciousness (American Sociological Association, 2008). Doctors have an ethical obligation to be aware of the rising misuse of ADHD medications. Therefore the Doctors should explain to the patients and the patients parents about the consequences and effects the medication can have if it is used improperly after they prescribe it. U.S. college students today are among the first to be raised in a society where prescription drugs are an everyday commodity socially branded and advertised directly to consumers, not unlike cars and blue jeans. These students are also the products of the most intense competition ever for college admission (American Sociological Association, 2008). Teens are easily able to access drugs. They have no trouble attaining them and using them on a daily basis. As a result, nearly one in four college students nationwide have reported doing so have taken possession of this for personal gain. In conclusion, the medication to benefit without being diagnosed is not smart. Using ADHD medication to benefit without being diagnosed is not smart. Doctors should always make sure theyre parents are knowledgeable of this information. The outcome from the drugs misuse can impact greatly if ignored.

Corporate Social Responsibility Enron And Worldcom

Since companies like Enron and WorldCom behaved unethically costing shareholders millions of dollars there has been a focus on a business corporate social responsibility efforts. Corporate social responsibility can be defined as anything ‘concerned with the commitment of companies to contribute to sustainable development, stakeholder interests and enhancement of societal conditions† (Luu 2). This is an important concept because it deals with the stakeholders who are going to invest in a business firm. If a business is to go against treating their shareholders ethically they will lose all of their following and may accept the same fate as Enron and WorldCom by going bankrupt. In response to some companies acting unethically the government has enacted policies to make sure that businesses are following corporate social responsibility to help restore the confidence in shareholders. Corporate social responsibility starts at the top of an organization and trickles its way down to the bottom through the culture of the organization. If the senior level management shows that it is okay to tweak numbers to make the overall firm look better in the eyes of the shareholder, then that behavior will be continued down throughout the organization. This is one of the biggest problems when it comes to corporate social responsibility, the decision between tweaking the numbers of the business to look good, or taking the ethical route and reporting the numbers as they are even if it showsShow MoreRelatedThe Sarbanes Oxley ( Sox ) Act Of 20021617 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act of 2002. A brief historical summary of SOX will be presented, including the events leading up to its passage. The key ethical components of SOX will be identified and explained. The social responsibility implications of the mandatory publication of corporate ethics will be assessed. 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This conflict of interest made it very easy for executives to coerce employees to try to hideRead MoreManagement Planning: Worldcom Essay1253 Words   |  6 Pagesethical, and social issues that affect each stakeholder within the company. These factors continually impact the planning process performed at each level of management. An organization that neglects to establish and monitor plans can become diso rganized and ultimately lose control of practices performed throughout the corporation. A prime example of poor planning due to disregard of legal, ethical, and social issues were the executives employed at WorldCom. Before 2002, WorldCom was one of theRead MoreWhat Are Five Elements Necessary For Commit Fraud?1739 Words   |  7 Pagesexample, a new investor is looking into WorldCom stock. She reviews the company’s financial statements and notices that the line costs from 2001 match the figures from 1999. Using the matching principle, the investor determines that the line costs need to be even lower to match up with the decrease in revenues for 2001. Since this is not the case, the investor decides to pass on the stock due to the possibility of fraud (WorldCom-10K 1999) (WorldCom-10K 2000) (WorldCom-10K 2002) (Why it is important toRead MoreEthics Reflection Paper1094 Words   |  5 PagesEthics Reflection Paper STR/581 July 26, 2010 University of Phoenix Ethics Reflection Paper Before WorldCom and Enron, many organizations unconditionally placed social and ethical responsibility with administrative legal and compliance obligations, regulations and rules. Today, a company’s ethical behavior is vital to the success of the company. Consumers not only expect but demand that a company is visible in their practices and are held accountable for their actions; be itRead MoreEthical Climate in Organisation1646 Words   |  7 Pagesupon performance and profit. With the ever changing workforce, it is imperative that organisations open themselves up to reorganisation, including the application of ethical and moral decision-making, and incorporating interest of ethics in the corporate structure. According to Victor and Cullen (1988 cited by Cohen 1993, p.343) organisational norms and values are means to show how ethical problems should be addressed, creating an ethical climate which has a powerful impact on employees capacityRead MoreKey Elements For C ommit Fraud1673 Words   |  7 Pageshow financial statement fraud occurs, stakeholders can recognize red flags in financial statements. Outside accounting, fraud knowledge enables stakeholders to be productive members of a business’ corporate governance. Corporate governances work as a principal catalyst for stakeholders to raise corporate awareness and expectations regarding appropriate behavior and practices. 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The Brief History of the Elderly Barriers Free Essays

Mental ailment is a significant determinant giving rise to the disease burdens of the elderly people. While the elderly people do not seem to suffer from disproportionate share of most distinct mental ailment such as depression or schizophrenia they do have a much higher prevalence of dementing ailment like Alzheimer†s disease and are subjected to enhanced rates of interpersonal losses. Irrespective of substantial rates of morbidity the proportion of older people acknowledged to be incapacitated and those really receiving sufficient treatment is remarkably low than that of the younger age groups. We will write a custom essay sample on The Brief History of the Elderly Barriers or any similar topic only for you Order Now Deficiency in the treatment of mental illness in the elderly emerge to be a considerable factor in the enhanced suicide rates among the elderly population along with the premature or unsuitable placement of elderly persons in nursing homes. The studies on mental ailment in the elderly people has been disregarded and deserted till very recently. Even with the attention that has been accorded to the prevalence of large number of patients with Alzheimer†s disease, funding for research in relation to the incidence and distressing nature of mental ailment in the elderly continues to be insufficient. Considerable impediments prevail for the elderly in accessing and utilizing mental health services. Community based prevention programs for older people supported by federal and state funds are limited. This is combined with the absence of institutionalized consultancy and treatment programs including medication goals set particularly for older mentally impaired people. (Mental Health Services: Reaching Out to the Elderly. Part One)) An analysis brought out in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society reveals that while the rates of diagnosis for depression for patients at an age of 65 and older was enhanced radically during the 1990s, considerable differentiations by age, ethnicity, and supplemental insurance coverage still continues in relation to the treatment for those diagnosed patients. The elderly people also perceive themselves to be more stigmatized about having a psychiatric diagnosis and taking medication for treatment. (Books, Articles and Research) Stereotypes related to people who belong to the elderly group and have mental illnesses may intervene with their successful health care delivery. The prospective therapies may not be organized, covered or medications supplied as a result of the prejudice that such persons cannot improve or do not have enough time left in their lives to improve. The elderly are regularly being diagnosed and provided psychoanalysis with disregard or negatively talked about when their health is narrated. Such stereotypes regularly flow into delusions about the professionals delivering their care in diagnosis or entailing medications or counseling. Stigma and ageism are two incidents that largely influence the real assessment of people who are elderly and have mental illnesses and finally their health care. (Books, Articles and Research) The coverage under Medicare is insufficient and serves to enhance the myth that mental illness in the elderly is both to be anticipated and not reactive to the treatment. (Mental Health and the Elderly Position Statement) There exists a large differentiation in Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement between psychiatric care and medical care. This has discouraged many prospective psychiatrists, social workers and psychologists from having a career in geriatric mental health. (Overlooked and Underserved: Elders in Need of Mental Health Care) Another significant element in the lives of our elderly patients is that practically all of the elderly population are dealing with co-morbidities that may incorporate physical ill health along with mental illness and the settings that entail meticulous collaboration among patients, caregivers of the families and practitioners from a variety of health care disciplines. The reimbursement for services under such settings is awkward and is sometimes an impediment to best practices. Medicare imposes a 20 percent co-insurance rate on most outpatient services except for mental health services that necessitates 50 percent co-insurance rate. (Long-Term Care Financing: Blueprints for Reform- Special Committee on Aging, United States Senate) This unjust inclination in the system is considered to be the consequence and the cause for the persistent impediment to the stigma related to mental illness and is considered to be a major impediment for reaching care. Additionally, the distinction creates confusion and improper carrier reimbursement decisions like the continuing decisions by carriers to reimburse only 50 percent for medication management services in patients with Alzheimer†s disease and other dementias in contravention to the particular directives forwarded by the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Long-Term Care Financing: Blueprints for Reform- Special Committee on Aging, United States Senate) A number of researches have revealed that when mental health services are seriously confined, the consequence is higher costs in terms of medication and over utilization of general medical visits. Elderly adults with the mental problems regularly seek health care services in primary care environments where the detection and management of this ailment condition may be less than optimal. (Mental Health and the Elderly Position Statement) The approach of the mental health professionals influences the service of care. Such personnel may demonstrate the same ageism and believe the same typecast about the elderly as those detected in the general population. They are inclined to misinterpret some problems as confronted by the elders in their normal course of ageing instead of the problems necessitating assistance. In addition to this younger, more articulate and more introspective clients may hold more appeal for many professionals. (Mental Health Services: Reaching Out to the Elderly. Part One)) Hence the elderly adults with mental ailments continue to be segregated in nursing homes and other separating environments even as other age groups have started to gain full membership in the community. (Books, Articles and Research) It has been visualized that in no other age group is the combination and interrelationship of physical, social and economic problems as important as that of the elderly. The elderly people continue to take for granted the ailments like sleep disturbances, changes in appetite and mood differences as physical problems. This trend is strengthened by the physicians who sometimes take such symptoms to be the out come of the aging process. The medical practice presently does not necessarily assign time for the detailed medical and social trend that would foster a more real diagnosis. The absence of such organized and complete health care has an adverse impact on all age groups in the United States. However, for elderly adults who appear to have multiple needs, such health systems are largely divided up and become a surprising source of patient confusion. Most elders remove from service emotions which are besieged by the long detentions and complex procedures. For administrators facing the budgetary limits, it has more often been that the elder population has been set aside on the plea that they are older enough to take advantage from the services. It would position to cause that a society that places such great significance on youth and the significance of looking young does not lend encouraging support to improve the mental health care for the geriatric population. Overlooked and Underserved: Elders in Need of Mental Health Care) To conclude, the accessibility to the suitable mental health services is at the center of entailing secular care to elderly Americans in the way that is most preferred by patients, their families and health care practitioners. (Long-Term Care Financing: Blueprints for Reform- Special Committee on Aging, United States Senate) A promising consumer and family movement through energetic advocacy are necessitated to defeat stigma and prevent discrimination against elderly people with mental illness. The reach to elderly mental health services can be developed immediately if we develop the abilities of primary care providers, public schools, the child welfare system and others to assist the elderly with mental health disorders looking for treatment. (Mental Health Gets Noticed) The prescribed drugs are necessary elements for treatment of a number of mental ailments and an outpatient prescribed drug assists along with a complete coverage of psychotropic medications and must be prioritized in the Congressional agenda. Other variations to the Medicare strategy which would be advantageous for geriatric patients with mental health needs are that it include extensive coverage of case management and care plan oversight, which are presently confined to patients who are being delivered with home care or hospice care; complete coverage of Medicare/Medicaid cost sharing for low income patients and revisions in reimbursement policies for services offered in assisted living facilities. Long-Term Care Financing: Blueprints for Reform- Special Committee on Aging, United States Senate) The serious confinements on Medicare reimbursement for mental health services are required to be avoided. The National Institute of Mental Health- NIMH is required to continue financial assistance at appropriate levels of devising the training programs in interdisciplinary mental health care for the elderly that incorporates the disciplines of medicine psychiatry, psychology, psychiatric nursing and clinical social work. Training programs are required to acknowledge that most mental health care takes place in the primary care environment. Instant expansion of the research programs is required to be funded by the NIMH and other agencies on the etiology and treatment of anxiety and depressive problems, paranoia, dementing problems and other behavioral problems which have profound impact on the elderly patients. (Mental Health and the Elderly Position Statement) How to cite The Brief History of the Elderly Barriers, Essay examples

Marketing and the Church

Questions: 1. Psychologist G.D.Weibe in 1952 raised the question why cant you sell brotherhood like you sell soap? Since this time, marketing has been used to promote anti-smoking, non-profit organisations such as World Vision and mega-churches. What are the challenges of marketing an idea, social cause or church?2. Marketing orientation or the ability of organisations to understand the needs and wants of its customers and meet those needs and wants is the bedrock of contemporary marketing strategy. However, a key challenge for the church is whether to listen to its membership if what they want is contradictory to the principles of the church. For example, should the church emphasise a product orientation (as sin: I know what is right and I will persuade the membership as opposed to the membership knows better, let me adapt)? Discuss.3. Do you believe that CKBC should develop a marketing strategy? If you do, what aspects of marketing strategy should the church concentrate on? If you do not agre e, argue your case.4. Tuck suggests that word of mouth is a crucial component of the promotional tactic. If you were marketing CKBC, how would you develop work of mouth tactics? 5. Critically evaluate and enhance the current marketing strategy and tactics that CKBC engages in. Answers: 1. Marketing has been done in almost all sectors that such as marketing non-profitable organization like NGOs, marketing business to increase customers etc. It is very surprising to note that little marketing has been done to churches to motivate and increase their members. Church leaders belief that telling the congregation the word of God is enough but they should know that here work is like selling a soap which must be done with high convincing of the customers to purchase it. This is great mistake and this may make them lose their followers to other religions. Religious marketing is very important to churches in spreading the gospel and winning soul (Cutler Bob D, 1992). Churches in this century are facing great challenges which include competition from science and technology which has changed the ideology of the public. This has made churches lose many members to other religions. Christianity has been really affected in Australia as the numbers are really diminishing. In the current survey only 64 % of the countrys citizens are Christians. This raises a great alarm to the churches which have to come up with strategies to market themselves to increase members. The churches have tried to market themselves in the media but the public sometimes ignore the message, channels to propel the gospel such as Family Tv have been set up yet very few watch them to get nourished with the word of God. It is very true that the church has lost the taste to many people which is contrary as it should be the salt of the earth. Truly, it is very hard for churches to market their ideas as they have financial constraints. This challenges have made church membership reduce and others have been closed completely. Churches should look new methods of survival just the way the CKBC did of having a website to increase its coverage and has logo for people to distinguish itself in the other organization. It is important to ensure that the church is healthy which is demonstrated by the growth just as healthy plant is noticed through the growth. Churches should have outreaches to reach more people and also crusades and through this they will grow. The growth is noted when churches win more souls for God. The church industry is like a business and like all businesses it should put up strategies to compete effectively and survive in the challenging environment or be extinct (Shaull et al. 2000). 2. Churches are nowadays facing a lot of challenges due to increasing changes in information and technology. People have had diverse thinking which sometimes is contractor to the teachings of the church. This has created divisions among the church members and making churches loose membership. Ideologies have changes and therefore people have gone to areas where they think their interests are well served. Australia had initially high numbers of Christianity but now they have dropped drastically due to different thinking and beliefs brought by technology (MacKenzie et al. 1999). Churches have been caught in dilemma as the leadership tries to weigh whether to teach what the members what to hear or teach what is really written in the scriptures which is the principle of the truth and maybe lose some of its members. This has been a great problem to churches as people have different mindset. If churches become product oriented by preaching the gospel of truth assuming that membership will increase they will be wrong. This is because majority of the people are not attracted with the truth but materials things. Some want to be associated with a famous and well-known church, others want to go to churches which are well constructed and designed, others want to go to churches with pastors well-known world-wide, others want to believe in science and technology instead of the gospel of truth among many others reasons. Churches therefore, to ensure that they retain and attract more members they should be all round by embracing technology and the different peoples ideologies in teaching the principle of truth to ensure that none is left behind. They should persuade the people rather than assuming they know better to avail themselves to the churches. Leaders of churches should have adequet knowledge on how to handle the believers and non-believers to ensure peaceful co-existence of the two groups.They should not condemn but teaches the importance and demerits of the new technology (Allporty Gordon W,196) 3. Yes, the church should develop are marketing strategy to prevent it from losing the members. The main goal of the church to preach the word of God to all the people to inspire them and make them changes their ways of sin. It is very sad to note from the study carried out that the members of CKBC were majorly outside the community it was located in. the church needs strategies to ensure that the local people are members since they are the near most persons. It is also discouraging to know that the numbers of Christians are now 64% and therefore the church should take measures to increase its members and protect the members from denouncing Christianity in Australia. Competition to churches is high as many people are becoming atheists, muslins etc. churches should stand firm and be able to compete effectively and efficiently (Grant Robert M,1991) In order to ensure that it achieve its goals the church should concentrate on impacting skill and knowledge to the members in order for them to help the church in convincing more members. Through this the members may spread the good news to non-members hence ending up convincing them to be members. It should also advertise the church through the website created to enable the public know it better. The church has done well by building a playground as it will be an avenue for meetings and it can mobilize more people to join it (Belch at el. 2003). 4. As Tucks suggests, it true that word of mouth is the greatest means to promote a church to ensure that many people joins it. Firstly, through word of mouth a believer has the ability to influence of convince the other party fully by giving him or her the benefits of the church. Through this way any questions or doubt raised by the other party are answered to their satisfactory. This can motivate the person to be interested to join the church as trust is highly created (Kazmi et al. 2009). Secondly, through this means of advertisement very little resources are need as the cost is low. This would be very effective for the church as it has no large base of finances. Finally, this type of promotion of the church will build its brand name and enable it be known in a wider area as word of mouth spreads very fast. (Wagner, 2013). It is important to note that not all cases of word of mouth advertising become successful. The power of convincing relies on the individual who is the believer and sometimes he or she may fail to convince the other party and portrays a very negative picture unknowingly. this may be through the information he/she gives out or the response of the questions asked. This way the other party may fail to be part of the members of the church and also campaign against the church (Richins, 1983). It is therefore very important to develop a firm tactic to do word of mouth advertising to ensure that you create a positive image of the CKBC church and attract high attendance. To enable people, motivate others to the church they must have adequate knowledge of the church to be able to answer any question posed. They should be caring to the non-members and treat them well not as sinners because they are either non-believers. To attract anyone to listen to your story you have to be presentable and so the members of the church should look clean and smart to convince others easily. Good communication is essential to enable one to communicate the message clearly in a manner easily understandable by all type of people. The church through the leadership should give teachings to the member on how to effectively convince non-members to join them. This method of promotion is very advantageous to small churches to enable them grow and beat the high competition in the society (Nyilasy,2006). 5. Marketing strategy is a means of an organization marketing itself and in this case is the CKBC church method to attract more people to be its members. A good marketing strategy will ensure success of the church while a poor strategy will make the numbers if its members decrease. The church engages in a number of marketing strategies to try and get more congregation. CKBC has renovated the buildings and modern facilities making them very attractive and not a hindrance to the members in terms of limited space. The constructions of buildings with new designs will definitely attract more members as they see the church as growing. It has also put up solar panels to be part of solution to the changing climate changes and not cause problem. This has had a positive attitude to the members of the community and this will attract them to this church. The church has also created a positive culture for visitors giving them priority and attention and this makes them feel a sense of belonging. This will enable them be members loyal to the church and also invite their friend because of the better treatment. It very important to note that all the people need attention just as children. It has been realized that most of the people who join the church have known it through the internet and so a website for the church has been created. This has provided a platform for non-members to be able to know more about the church through the internet. The church new logo created has made the church unique and people can easily identify or know it. Since technology has improved the church will know be known world-wide and this is very important for its expansion as the world as be made as a market place by technology (Melville et al. 2004). The church has done training on leadership among the members and this also improve the welcoming of new members and also the convincing power. All these ways have increased the followers of the church as the members carry out word of mouth promotions to non-members. Due to training this promotional strategy more tactics have been imparted to members to convince more people (Noe et al. 2010). Work Cited Allport, Gordon W. "The religious context of prejudice."Journal for the scientific study of religion5.3 (1966): 447-457. Belch, George E., and Michael A. Belch.Advertising and promotion: An integrated marketing communications perspective. The McGraw Hill, 2003. Cutler, Bob D. "Religion and marketing: important research area or a footnote in the literature?"Journal of Professional Services Marketing8.1 (1992): 153-164. Grant, Robert M. "The resource-based theory of competitive advantage: implications for strategy formulation."California management review33.3 (1991): 114-135. Kazmi, S. H. H., and Satish K. Batra.Advertising and sales Promotion. Excel Books India, 2009. MacKenzie, Donald, and Judy Wajcman.The social shaping of technology. Open university press, 1999. Melville, Nigel, Kenneth Kraemer, and Vijay Gurbaxani. "Review: Information technology and organizational performance: An integrative model of IT business value."MIS quarterly28.2 (2004): 283-322. Noe, Raymond A.Employee training and development. McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2010. Nyilasy, Greg. "Word of mouth: what we really knowand what we dont."Connected marketing(2006): 161-184. Richins, Marsha L. "Negative word-of-mouth by dissatisfied consumers: A pilot study."The journal of marketing(1983): 68-78. Shaull, Richard, and Waldo A. Cesar.Pentecostalism and the Future of the Christian Churches: Promises, Limitations, Challenges. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2000. Wagner, Nancy. "The Advantages of Word-of-Mouth Marketing."Demand Media, Houston Chronicle(2013).